Quotes Tagged "science"
That is the idea that we all hope you have learned in studying science in schoolâwe never explicitly say what this is, but just hope that you catch on by all the examples of scientific investigation. It is interesting, therefore, to bring it out now and speak of it explicitly. Itâs a kind of scientific integrity, a principle of scientific thought that corresponds to a kind of utter honestyâa kind of leaning over backwards. For example, if youâre doing an experiment, you should report everything that you think might make it invalidânot only what you think is right about it: other causes that could possibly explain your results; and things you thought of that youâve eliminated by some other experiment, and how they workedâto make sure the other fellow can tell they have been eliminated. Details that could throw doubt on your interpretation must be given, if you know them. You must do the best you canâif you know anything at all wrong, or possibly wrongâto explain it. If you make a theory, for example, and advertise it, or put it out, then you must also put down all the facts that disagree with it, as well as those that agree with it. There is also a more subtle problem. When you have put a lot of ideas together to make an elaborate theory, you want to make sure, when explaining what it fits, that those things it fits are not just the things that gave you the idea for the theory; but that the finished theory makes something else come out right, in addition. In summary, the idea is to try to give all of the information to help others to judge the value of your contribution; not just the information that leads to judgment in one particular direction or another. The first principle is that you must not fool yourselfâand you are the easiest person to fool. So you have to be very careful about that. After youâve not fooled yourself, itâs easy not to fool other scientists... You just have to be honest in a conventional way after that.
Only three of the naturally occurring elements were manufactured in the big bang. The rest were forged in the high-temperature hearts and explosive remains of dying stars, enabling subsequent generations of star systems to incorporate this enrichment, forming planets and, in our case, people. For many, the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements is a forgotten oddityâa chart of boxes filled with mysterious, cryptic letters last encountered on the wall of high school chemistry class. As the organizing principle for the chemical behavior of all known and yet-to-be-discovered elements in the universe, the table instead ought to be a cultural icon, a testimony to the enterprise of science as an international human adventure conducted in laboratories, particle accelerators, and on the frontier of the cosmos itself.